Measuring the Impact of AI and Large Language Models on Singapore’s Labor Market: Constructing a Task-Level Exposure Index

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), is reshaping the nature of work across occupations and industries. As one of the world’s most open and technologically advanced economies, Singapore stands at the forefront of this transformation. This project develops the first comprehensive, data-driven measure of how AI—especially LLM technologies—affects labour demand in Singapore. Building on detailed task-level information from the U.S. O*NET framework and a newly secured dataset of Singapore job postings, the study will construct a Singapore AI–LLM Exposure Index that quantifies the extent to which each occupation is susceptible to AI-driven change. ​

Recognizing that GPT-based task evaluations are inherently noisy, the project introduces a novel econometric framework to model and correct for measurement error, producing uncertainty-adjusted exposure measures with explicit confidence intervals. Extending this approach, a signed exposure index will be developed to distinguish between complementary and substitutive effects of AI on human labour, allowing policymakers to identify which jobs are likely to benefit from AI adoption and which face greater displacement risk. ​

The resulting indices will form the first reproducible, transparent, and publicly accessible measures of occupational AI exposure for Singapore. These tools will equip government agencies, firms, and researchers to anticipate areas of technological disruption, design targeted reskilling and inclusion strategies, and benchmark Singapore’s workforce resilience against other economies. Beyond policy relevance, the project contributes methodological innovations for handling noisy AI-based assessments and establishes Singapore as a regional leader in empirical research on AI and the future of work. 

Research Impact: Measuring AI’s Disruptive and Enabling Effects on Singapore’s Labor Market.